英语长难句 [048]

序号 048

James Thompson, who in 1840 was working to improve British steamships, considered the labor of sailors to be essentially free compared with coal, which was expensive.

1. 句子主干结构分析

主句： James Thompson considered the labor of sailors to be essentially free （詹姆斯·汤普森认为水手的劳动基本上是免费的）

核心扩展：

1. 非限制性定语从句（修饰James Thompson）：
   • who in 1840 was working to improve British steamships （他在1840年致力于改进英国蒸汽船）
2. 比较状语：
   • compared with coal （与煤炭相比）
3. 非限制性定语从句（修饰coal）：
   • which was expensive （煤炭很昂贵）

2. 逻辑关系图

主句：James Thompson considered sailor labor free
│
├─ 定语从句1（背景信息）：
│  was improving British steamships in 1840
│
├─ 比较状语：
│  compared with coal
│  │
│  └─ 定语从句2（比较对象属性）：
│     which was expensive

3. 语法亮点

1. 历史背景的精准插入：
   • “in 1840"明确时间背景，为理解当时的工业环境提供关键信息
2. 经济概念的对比表达：
   • “considered…to be"结构清晰表达主观判断
   • “essentially free"与"expensive"形成强烈对比
3. 非限制性从句的灵活运用：
   • 两个which/who从句分别补充人物背景和比较对象信息

4. 翻译参考

James Thompson, who in 1840 was working to improve British steamships, considered the labor of sailors to be essentially free compared with coal, which was expensive.

翻译： 詹姆斯·汤普森在1840年致力于改善英国的蒸汽船，他认为与昂贵的煤炭相比，水手的劳动成本基本可以忽略不计。

5. 👣 One More Step

Henry Ford, who in 1908 was revolutionizing automobile production, regarded assembly line workers as replaceable components compared with specialized machinery, which represented substantial capital investment.

翻译： 1908年正在革新汽车生产的亨利·福特认为，与代表巨大资本投资的专用机械相比，流水线工人只是可替换的零件。

备注：

1. 来源于 Values Reflected in Energy-Related Physics Concepts；
2. 本文创作由 DeepSeek 协助。