英语长难句 [038]

序号 038

A word of warning may be added here, namely that not all rocks are created equally for this experiment: a colleague who had acquired a rock of their own recently found that it was considerably more porous than they had assumed and so the volume of displaced water was anomalously low and thus the density similarly high.

1. 句子主干结构分析

主句： A word of warning may be added here （需在此补充一项警告）

核心扩展：

同位语从句（具体说明警告内容）： namely that not all rocks are created equally for this experiment （即并非所有岩石都适用于此实验）
- namely 引导的同位语从句，具体化“警告”内容
冒号后的解释性分句： a colleague […] found that […] （某同事发现…）
- 定语从句：who had acquired a rock of their own（拥有某块岩石的同事）
- 宾语从句：that it was […] and so […]（发现岩石多孔性高→水位变化异常→密度高）

2. 逻辑关系图

主句：A warning is needed  
│  
└─ 同位语从句（警告内容）：  
   not all rocks are suitable for the experiment  
   │  
   └─ 冒号后的实验例证：  
      A colleague's rock → porous → low displaced water → high density  
      （同事的岩石多孔→排水量低→密度虚高）  
      │  
      ├─ 定语从句（修饰colleague）：  
      │  who had acquired a rock  
      │  
      └─ 因果链：  
         porosity > assumed → water displacement low → density high

3. 语法亮点

学术化警告结构：
- A word of warning may be added 是学术写作中常见的警示表达，语气正式且委婉。
- namely that 精准引出具体警告内容，避免歧义。
冒号的解释功能：
- 冒号后通过具体案例（同事的失败实验）验证警告的真实性，增强说服力。
因果逻辑链的紧凑表达：
- and so… and thus… 形成三级因果链，展示实验结果的内在联系：多孔性（porous）→ 排水量低（low displaced water）→ 密度虚高（high density）。
被动语态与主动语态的切换：
- 主句用被动（may be added）强调客观性，例证部分用主动（a colleague found）增强叙事感。

4. 翻译参考

在这里需要提醒的是，并非所有岩石都适用于这个实验。我的一位同事最近获得了一块岩石，发现它的孔隙率远超预期，导致排开水的体积偏低，计算的密度也相应地偏高。

5. 👣 One More Step

A cautionary note should be highlighted, specifically that not all metals react uniformly under high pressure: an engineer using titanium alloy observed unexpected brittleness, which led to structural deformation and ultimately compromised the prototype’s integrity. 翻译： 需特别强调一项注意事项：并非所有金属在高压下反应一致。某工程师使用钛合金时观察到意外脆化，导致结构变形并最终影响原型的完整性。

备注：

来源：Can you teach physics without a good rock?
本文创作由 DeepSeek 协助。