英语长难句 [037]

序号 037

A rock I originally found on a beach has, over the last 17 years, become my object of first resort, to the extent that it is borrowed by other teachers, is regarded affectionately by many pupils and has been christened ‘Pierre’, for reasons that will become clear below.

1. 句子主干结构分析

主句: A rock […] has […] become my object of first resort (一块石头成了我的“首选物品”)

核心扩展:

  1. 定语从句(修饰rock)I originally found on a beach (我最初在海滩上发现的)
    • 省略关系代词 that/which
  2. 时间状语(插入语)over the last 17 years (在过去17年间)
    • 插入主句谓语(has become)之间,强调时间跨度
  3. 结果状语从句(由to the extent that引导)it is borrowed by teachers, is regarded by pupils, and has been christened ‘Pierre’ (它被其他教师借用、受学生喜爱并被命名为“Pierre”)
    • 三个并列被动结构:
      • is borrowed
      • is regarded
      • has been christened
  4. 原因状语(修饰命名行为)for reasons that will become clear below (原因下文阐明)
    • 定语从句 that will become clear 修饰 reasons

2. 逻辑关系图

主句:A rock → has become object of first resort  
│  
├─ 定语从句(来源):  
│  I found on a beach  
│  
├─ 时间状语:  
│  over 17 years  
│  
├─ 结果状语(程度):  
│  to the extent that...  
│  │  
│  ├─ 结果1:borrowed by teachers  
│  │  
│  ├─ 结果2:regarded by pupils  
│  │  
│  └─ 结果3:christened ‘Pierre’  
│  
└─ 原因状语(悬念):  
   for reasons explained later  
   (埋下伏笔)  

3. 语法亮点

  1. 分割结构的强调作用
    • 时间状语 over the last 17 years 插入主句谓语(has […] become)之间,制造悬念,突出时间积累的重要性。
  2. 被动语态的多样化使用
    • 三个并列被动式(is borrowed, is regarded, has been christened)突出“石头”的被动角色,反衬其影响力。
  3. 文学化命名与悬念设置
    • christened ‘Pierre’(命名为“Pierre”)赋予无生命体人格化特征,for reasons that… 引导读者关注下文解释。
  4. 省略关系代词的定语从句
    • I originally found… 省略 that/which,使句子更口语化,增强叙事感。

4. 翻译参考

我最初在海滩上拾得的一块石头,在过去的17年中已成了我的‘首选物品’——它被其他教师借用,受许多学生喜爱,甚至被命名为‘Pierre’。命名的原因会在下文解释清楚。


5. 👣 One More Step

A seashell I collected during childhood has, through decades, transformed into a family heirloom to such a degree that it is displayed in our living room, is believed to bring luck by relatives, and has earned the nickname ‘Pearl’, for stories passed down over generations.

翻译: 我在童年时收集的一个海螺,经过数十年的时间,已经变成了家族的传家宝,以至于它被摆放在我们的客厅中。亲戚们相信它能带来好运,并因代代相传的故事而获得了“Pearl”的昵称。


备注:

  1. 来源:Can you teach physics without a good rock?
  2. 本文创作由 DeepSeek 协助。